A New Dielectric Grating Antenna with Large Leakage Constant for Millimeter-Wave Applications

The leakage properties of a new dielectric grating leaky wave antenna are carefully examined by an approach of combining the multimode network theory with the mode-matching method. A systematic comparison is given for the leaky characteristics of the n = −1 space harmonic of TM mode polarization between the present antenna and the traditional one. It has been found that the former is not only of lower conductor loss, but also of larger leakage constant than the latter. As a result, the dimension of the antenna could be largely reduced, which is of practical significance for some applications. Extensive numerical results of the radiation characteristics are given to establish useful guidelines for the design of the new grating antenna. Furthermore, special features such as cancellation or resonance effects are high-lighted and discussed. Physical insights for the mathematical findings are also presented.     

Dual-Band Bi-Directional Pattern Reconfigurable Fractal Patch Antenna for Millimeter Wave Application

A novel dual-band bi-directional reconfigurable antenna based on Koch patch is presented in this paper. By controlling the switches in the slots etched on the Koch patch, different far field bi-directional patterns at the dual-band around 60 GHz/80 GHz could be achieved. And full azimuthal coverage at this dual-band is possible by electronically controlling the switches in the slots of the patch. This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 60371008, No. 90505001) and the CRT Program of UESTC.     

基于长电偶极子和大磁圆环的新型电磁矢量传感器双基地多输入多输出雷达角度和极化参数联合估计

针对常规双基地电磁矢量传感器多输入多输出(multiple-input multiple-output,MIMO)雷达中短电偶极子(L/λ<0.1)和小磁环(2π(R/λ)<0.1)辐射效率不足问题,本文根据实际应用中电磁矢量传感器的有效长度来设计新型的发射电磁矢量传感器阵列和接收电磁矢量传感器阵列.首先,通过平行因子算法来实现对双基地MIMO雷达阵列接收数据空时特性的充分利用.这种处理过程能够实现发射俯仰角和接收俯仰角的自动参数配对.然后,针对归一化坡印亭矢量估计器在长电偶极子和大磁圆环约束下无法实现角度和极化参数有效测量的问题,对于利用平行因子算法得到的发射和接收加载矩阵采用新的盲估计算法来实现对角度参数和极化参数的高精度估计.所提出的盲估计算法在不需要电偶极子长度和磁环周长的先验信息的情况下能够有效地实现发射四维参数和接收四维参数的精确估计,且该算法估计得到的八维参数满足自动参数配对特性.最后,详细推导了长电偶极子和大磁圆环约束下双基地MIMO雷达中角度和极化参数估计性能的克拉美罗界.仿真实验表明,对于实际中长电偶极子和大磁圆环组成的新型电磁矢量传感器,本文所提算法具有良好的参数估计性能.通过理论分析和仿真实验结果可以发现,本文的研究工作能够进一步促进电磁矢量传感器在双基地MIMO雷达中的应用.     

A study on degradation of germanium coating on Kapton used for spacecraft sunshield application

Sunshield membranes made of germanium‐coated black polyimide (GBP) or Kapton are often used on the reflector/transmitter antenna of satellites for thermal control applications. However, the germanium top layer is prone to degrade during ground storage and implementation. Hence, vacuum/inert gas‐sealed packaging is required for storing the membranes, followed by a staggered fabrication schedule as the shelf‐life of the GBP is identified as only ~6 months. In the present study, microstructural, thermo‐optical, and electrical properties along with X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) studies for evaluating oxidation states of the as‐received and degraded GBP films have been investigated thoroughly. The radio frequency (RF) loss behavior of both the films has also been studied for S band (2.5–3.5 GHz), Ku band (10.5–14.5 GHz), and Ka band (30–35 GHz). Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

巷道围岩松动圈的地质雷达探测及应用

在简述地质雷达探测原理的基础上, 分析了巷道围岩松动圈雷达探测的可行性。结合华丰矿巷道围岩松动圈探测实例, 提出了松动圈雷达探测方法、图像分析及探测结果应用。结果表明, 采用地质雷达探测巷道围岩松动圈是可行的, 可以用于指导巷道围岩的锚杆支护设计。     

激光光谱技术在环境监测中的应用专题系列(Ⅰ) 光谱技术在大气环境监测中的应用

碳的氧化物、硫的氧化物、氮的氧化物和卤化物等是由人类的生产活动和社会活动产生的重要的环境污染物质 .它造成了温室效应、酸雨、对流层的光化学雾和平流层的臭氧耗减等环境问题 .它威胁着人类的生存环境和地球上的生态平衡 .光谱技术可广泛应用于环境污染监测 .文章简要介绍全球面临的主要环境问题 ,重点介绍光谱技术 (包括常规光谱技术、激光光谱技术以及激光雷达等 )在大气环境监测中的应用和进展 .利用这些技术 ,可以获得污染物的组分、浓度、温度或空间分布等方面的信息 .     

核心天线CP43、CP47的荧光光谱特性

采用快速扫描成象光谱技术对核心天线CP43和CP47的荧光光谱特性进行研究,获取了它们的积分荧光谱,通过积分荧光谱的组分光谱解析,并结合吸收光谱分析认为CP43和CP47具有这样的Chla的光谱特性,CP43:Chla₆₆₀^662.43、Chla₆₆₉^670.23、Chla₆₈₂^684.02,CP47:Chla₆₆₀^664.91、Chla₆₆₉^671.71、Chla₆₈₀^681.35、(Chla_a^e,a代表吸收峰;e代表发射峰);另外长波长组分694.86nm、702.34nm(CP43)、696.02nm(CP47)可能是由吸收>690nm的Chla分子所产生;CP43与CP47相比还存在有Chla₆₇₅^676.32,但是还没有看到CP43具有675nm吸收谱带的报道.对CP43和CP47的荧光光谱分析,认为CP47中的Chla669nm分子团和Chla680nm分子团间的能量传递比CP43中Chla669nm和Chla682nm分子团的能量传递更为有效;β-Car与Chla分子结合状态在CP47中要比CP43中紧密.     

时幅转换技术及其在激光测距系统中的应用

简要介绍了时幅转换技术[1 ] 的原理、实现方法以及在激光测距系统中的应用。给出了实际时幅转换特性的试验数据及精度分析。利用时幅转换器测量时间的精度和分辨率可以分别达到几十皮秒和几皮秒的量级。将这一技术应用于传统的激光测距系统后 ,可以将测距精度和分辨率由原来的分米级分别提高到厘米级和毫米级。     

有源器件混合集成的超薄超宽带可调雷达吸波体

结构型雷达吸波材料不仅可以有效吸收雷达波,还能同时承受载荷,在雷达隐身领域具有重要应用.基于超表面的结构型雷达吸波材料可以实现对雷达波近乎"完美"的吸收,且具有结构轻薄的特点,但其限制在于吸波带宽通常较窄,针对该问题,提出一种拓宽超表面吸波体工作带宽的新方法.该方法利用可重构的思想,通过在超表面中混合集成变容二极管和开关二极管,将吸波频率的连续可调与离散搬移有机结合,以此展宽吸波体的有效吸波带宽.基于该方法,设计了一款超宽带可调超表面吸波体,并深人分析了其吸波机理,通过开关二极管和变容二极管工作状态的调节与配合,在4.57—8.51 GHz内实现了高效可调吸波.实测结果验证了该吸波体的低雷达散射截面特性,证实了设计方法的有效性.所提出的宽带可调设计方法简单可行,还可以拓展应用到其他类型的宽带微波器件设计.     

An ultra-wideband 2-bit coding metasurface using Pancharatnam—Berry phase for radar cross-section reduction

An ultra-wideband 2-bit coding metasurface is designed for radar cross-section (RCS) reduction. The design process is presented in detail, in which a polarization conversion metasurface (PCM) is first proposed. The proposed PCM can realize ultra-wideband circular polarization (CP) maintaining reflection. Moreover, Pancharatnam—Berry (PB) phase will be generated in the co-polarized reflection coefficient by rotating the metallic patches in its unit cells. Thus, based on the PCM, the four coding elements of a 2-bit coding metasurface are constructed using PB phase, and an ultra-wideband PB 2-bit coding metasurface is proposed according to an appropriate coding sequence. The simulated and experimental results show that the coding metasurface has obvious advantages of wideband and polarization-insensitivity. Compared to a metallic plate of the same size, it can achieve more than 10 dB RCS reduction in the frequency band from 9.8 GHz to 42.6 GHz with a relative bandwidth of 125.2% under normal incidence with arbitrary polarizations.